Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles increase soybean resistance to root rot via multiomics-defined dual mechanism in China (microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com)

• Bacillus subtilis ZY56-biosynthesized SeNPs reduce soybean root rot by Fusarium oxysporum.
• Multiomics shows SeNPs boost defense metabolites (camalexin, isoflavonoids) and enrich beneficial rhizosphere bacteria.
• Tyrosine metabolism identified as key hub linking microbiome remodeling to host defense, validated in vitro.

"Research from Northeast Agricultural University demonstrates that selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) biosynthesized by Bacillus subtilis ZY56 significantly reduce Fusarium oxysporum root rot in soybeans. Multiomics analyses reveal that SeNPs reprogram host metabolism, upregulating defense metabolites camalexin and isoflavonoids, while reshaping the rhizosphere microbiome to enrich beneficial bacteria such as Bradyrhizobium, Lysobacter, and Nocardioides. Integrated correlation analysis identifies tyrosine metabolism as a hub linking microbiome changes to host defense. The findings support a 'microbe–plant metabolic division of labor' model and offer a sustainable nano-enabled disease management strategy."