Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites inhibit pyroptosis via AhR to protect intestinal barrier (microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com)

• FMT prevents LPS-induced pyroptosis and barrier damage in piglet colon.
• FMT increases L. reuteri and tryptophan metabolites (ILA, IAld, IAA).
• These metabolites activate AhR and inhibit NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
• AhR knockout abolishes protective effects of L. reuteri and metabolites.

"A study in Microbiome demonstrates that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) prevents LPS-induced pyroptosis and colonic epithelial barrier damage in piglets. FMT increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and levels of tryptophan metabolites ILA, IAld, and IAA. These metabolites activate the AhR signaling pathway, inhibiting NLRP3 transcription and suppressing pyroptosis. In vitro and mouse experiments confirmed that L. reuteri and its metabolites protect the intestinal barrier via AhR, while AhR knockout mice showed no protection."