Bacillus megaterium KCTC 3007 promotes antitumor immunity in endometrial cancer via TMAO and type I interferon: a multi-omics study on South Korean patients (microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com)

• Multi-omics analysis of 78 South Korean patients identified BM as beneficial, linked to longer RFS.
• BM abundance correlated with serum TMAO; TMAO activated type I interferon and CD8+ T cells.
• In vitro, BM supernatant and TMAO enhanced antitumor immunity, with TMAO inducing pyroptosis.
• Cupriavidus taiwanensis and Marinomonas primoryensis associated with poor prognosis.

"Researchers integrated metatranscriptomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics from 60 endometrial cancer (ECa) and 18 benign patients from South Korea, identifying Bacillus megaterium (BM) KCTC 3007 as associated with prolonged recurrence-free survival. Tissue BM abundance correlated with serum TMAO levels, especially in postmenopausal women. In vitro, BM supernatant and TMAO enhanced CD8+ T cell responses and type I interferon expression, with TMAO activating immune cells and inducing pyroptotic cancer cell death. The study establishes a complete microbe-metabolite-host pathway and suggests probiotic potential."