Expanding the human proteome with microproteins and peptideins (nature.com)

• Approximately 25% of ncORFs are detectable in the HLA immunopeptidome.
• Introduction of peptidein concept for microproteins of uncertain function.
• Evolutionary analysis ORBL reveals frequent conservation of ncORFs.

"The TransCODE Consortium analyzed 95,520 proteomics experiments and found that about 25% of 7,264 non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) produce detectable peptides. The study introduces 'peptideins' as microproteins with indeterminate function, develops an evolutionary analysis method (ORBL), and provides public resources via GENCODE and PeptideAtlas."